Commercial vs. Domestic EPCs

Introduction

Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are a legal requirement in the UK for selling, renting, or leasing properties. However, many property owners and landlords are unsure whether they need a Domestic EPC or a Commercial (Non-Domestic) EPC. Understanding the difference is essential before booking an energy assessor. This guide explains the key differences between Commercial and Domestic EPCs, the assessment methods used, and how new EPC regulations for landlords in 2026 may affect you.

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What Is a Domestic EPC?

A Domestic EPC applies to residential properties such as houses, flats, and bungalows. It provides an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient).

Domestic EPC Assessment Method

Domestic EPCs are produced using RdSAP (Reduced Data Standard Assessment Procedure). This method focuses on:

  • Property size and layout

  • Insulation levels

  • Heating systems

  • Windows and glazing

  • Hot water systems

Domestic EPCs are commonly required for:

  • Selling a home

  • Renting residential properties

  • Buy-to-let landlords

Domestic EPC Assessment Method

What Is a Commercial EPC?

A Commercial EPC, also known as a Non-Domestic EPC, applies to buildings used for business or public purposes.

Examples include:

  • Offices

  • Shops and retail units

  • Warehouses

  • Restaurants

  • Schools and hospitals

Commercial EPC Assessment Method

Commercial EPCs use SBEM (Simplified Building Energy Model) or DSM for complex buildings. These assessments are more detailed and consider:

  • Building usage

  • Lighting systems

  • Ventilation and air conditioning

  • Operating hours

  • Zoning and floor areas

Key Differences Between Commercial and Domestic EPCs

1. Assessment Methodology

  • Domestic EPC: RdSAP

  • Commercial EPC: SBEM or DSM

Commercial assessments are more complex and time-consuming.

2. Information Displayed on the Certificate

A Domestic EPC shows:

  • Energy efficiency rating (A–G)

  • Environmental impact

  • Estimated energy costs

  • Improvement recommendations

  • A Commercial EPC include

  • Asset rating

  • Operational efficiency insight

  • Energy performance benchmarks

  • Carbon emissions

3. Property Usage

  • Domestic EPC: Homes and residential buildings

  • Commercial EPC: Business and non-residential properties

Mixed-use buildings may require both EPC types, depending on layout.

4. Legal Requirements

  • Domestic EPCs are required for selling or renting homes

  • Commercial EPCs are required when selling, leasing, or constructing commercial properties

Failure to comply can result in fines.

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EPC Requirements for Landlords (2026 Update)

New EPC regulations for landlords in 2026 are expected to tighten minimum energy efficiency standards.

Key points include:

  • Minimum EPC rating of C for new tenancies

  • Increased enforcement and penalties

  • Focus on energy-saving improvements

Landlords should act early to avoid future compliance issues.

British Energy Suppliers – Saving Tips

Improving EPC ratings can help reduce energy bills. Simple tips include:

  • Upgrading insulation

  • Switching to energy-efficient lighting

  • Installing modern boilers or heat pumps

  • Using smart meters

These improvements benefit both landlords and tenants.

Which EPC Do You Need?

  • Selling or renting a house or flat → Domestic EPC

  • Leasing or selling a business property → Commercial EPC

  • Mixed-use property → Professional advice recommended

Booking the correct energy assessor ensures legal compliance and avoids delays.

Conclusion

Understanding the difference between Commercial vs Domestic EPCs helps property owners, landlords, and investors choose the right service. With upcoming EPC regulation changes and rising energy costs, staying compliant is more important than ever. Always consult a qualified energy assessor to ensure your property meets current and future EPC requirements.

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